The main aim of the paper is to conduct a comprehensive exploration into the effective cultivation of professional competencies among prospective teachers in the learning process. In this regard, the research objectives have been determined, namely: to reveal the essence of the term "professional competency", to delineate the issues of cultivation of professional competencies among perspective chemistry teachers, and to formulate recommendations through examination and analysis of effective strategies of enhancing the professional competence of pedagogical university students. An overview of the theoretical methodologies used in the perspective specialist training was undertaken, delving into conceptual terms such as "competence", "competency", "professional competency". Utilizing the method of content analysis, the concept "professional competency" was analyzed based on a synthesis of domestic and international research findings. Employing a survey method, the research investigates the issues of cultivation of professional competencies in the chemistry teacher training, the assessment of the extent to which students' professional competencies are cultivated, the impact of practical experience on the development of competence and the assessment of the importance of digital technology in this process. Recommendations on effective strategies for fostering the professional competency among future teachers have been delineated.