The purpose of this article is to give some theoretical ideas about the nature of communication. The relevance of studying the sides of communication in the field of education is determined by the need for effective cooperation and mutual understanding between the teacher and the student, meeting the goals and objectives of education and upbringing, i.e. to carry out full-fledged pedagogical communication. The article describes in detail the components of interactive, communicative and perceptual aspects of communication. The analysis is devoted to the description of various approaches to the interpretation of communication as a complex, multifunctional and multicomponent process. The authors analyzed scientific publications aimed at studying the concept of communication and its aspects in psychological and pedagogical science. The scientific points of view of domestic and foreign scientists on the understanding and definition of the term communication are given, the sides of communication are shown, highlighted taking into account the content and functional and structural features, taking into account the spatial and temporal characteristics of the communication process. The article presents the result of diagnostics of the effectiveness of interactive communication of professional orientation among students and undergraduates of universities of the Republic of Kazakhstan.