This study is dedicated to a comprehensive analysis of factors influencing personal development and psychological well-being of students in the secondary education system. Key concepts of personal development (Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, Ryan & Deci's self-determination theory, Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences) and theories of psychological well-being (Ryff & Keyes' model of psychological well-being, Diener's theory of subjective well-being, Csikszentmihalyi's concept of flow, Seligman's positive psychology) are examined in the context of the educational environment. Based on literature analysis, main factors (quality of interpersonal relationships, opportunities for self-realization and competence development, safety of the school environment, psychological climate in school, etc.) affecting students' personal growth and psychological well-being are identified. Clustering of the identified factors was conducted, allowing for the identification of groups of interrelated elements: school environment and climate; social relationships, academic factors, extracurricular factors, individual characteristics, technology and digital environment. The results of the study can be used to develop effective strategies for supporting personal development and improving the psychological well-being of students in the secondary education system.