The article presents an analysis of the pedagogical basis for diagnosing the characteristics of neuropsychological disorders in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and delayed mental development (RDD).

Research methods. a set of specific tests to identify the characteristics of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and mental retardation.

Results: The mean mental disorder score obtained in children with ADHD was 3.45 times higher; 4.52 times worse praxis skills, 2.13 times worse gnosis skills, 6.03 times worse neurodynamic skills, 3.61 times worse verbal skills and 2.66 times worse cognitive skills compared to children without ADHD and ZPR.

Scientific novelty and theoretical significance of the work: a comprehensive and constructive approach to the study of the neuropsychological development of children with ADHD and mental retardation has been developed.

Practical significance of the work. The results illustrate the high prevalence of neurodynamic dysfunction in children with ADHD, which indicates lower brain tolerance to the cognitive loads experienced by the child at school and leading to difficulties in learning and socialization.