Based on historical, pedagogical and archival sources, the article analysed the state of national schools
and the problem of training of pedagogical personnel in Kazakhstan in the 20-30 years of the 20 century. The
authors reveal difficult and contradictory conditions for the formation and development of national schools
in the early years of Soviet power. The general difficulties in the organization and operation of national
schools were the weak educational and methodological provision of education in the native language for
students, the scarce educational and material base and the acute shortage of national pedagogical personnel.
The article highlights the development of the ethnic component in the content of the education of national
schools and in the system of teacher training, as well as the problem of their educational provision. The
authors of the article analyzed archival sources, which contain information on the content of teacher training
for national schools KazPI named after Abai, the first forge of pedagogical personnel with higher education,
described the network of training of national pedagogical personnel in Kazakhstan and beyond in the 20th30th years of the 20 century.